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991.
A new index, the cumulative difference of sunspot activity in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively, is proposed
to describe the long-term behavior of the North – South asymmetry of sunspot activity and to show the balance (or bias) of
sunspot activity in the two solar hemispheres on a long-term scale. Sunspot groups and sunspot areas from June 1874 to January
2007 are used to show the advantage of the index. The index clearly shows a long-term characteristic time scale of about 12
cycles in the North – South asymmetry of sunspot activity. Sunspot activity is found to dominate in the southern hemisphere
in cycle 23, and in cycle 24 it is predicted to dominate still in the southern hemisphere. A comparison of the new index with
other similar indexes is also given. 相似文献
992.
993.
Michael McDonald † Stéphane Courteau R. Brent Tully 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(2):628-640
We present bulge and disc (B/D) decompositions of existing K ' surface brightness profiles for 65 Ursa Major (UMa) cluster spiral galaxies. This improves upon the disc-only fits of Tully et al. The 1996 disc fits were used by Tully & Verheijen for their discovery of the bimodality of structural parameters in the UMa cluster galaxies. It is shown that our new one-dimensional B/D decompositions yield disc structural parameters that differ only slightly from the basic fits of Tully et al. and evidence for structural bimodality of UMa galaxies is maintained. Our B/D software for the decomposition of one-dimensional surface brightness profiles of galaxies uses a non-linear minimization scheme to recover the best-fitting Sérsic bulge and the exponential disc while accounting for the possible presence of a compact nucleus and spiral arms and for the effects of seeing and disc truncations. In agreement with Tully & Verheijen, we find that the distribution of near-infrared disc central surface brightnesses is bimodal with an F-test confidence of 80 per cent. There is also strong evidence for a local minimum in the luminosity function at . A connection between the brightness bimodality and a dynamical bimodality, based on new H i linewidths, is identified. The B/D parameters are presented in Table 1 .
Table 1. B/D parameters. 相似文献
994.
Adam D. Myers Martin White Nicholas M. Ball 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,399(4):2279-2287
The use of photometric redshifts in cosmology is increasing. Often, however these photo- z are treated like spectroscopic observations, in that the peak of the photometric redshift, rather than the full probability density function (PDF), is used. This overlooks useful information inherent in the full PDF. We introduce a new real-space estimator for one of the most used cosmological statistics, the two-point correlation function, that weights by the PDF of individual photometric objects in a manner that is optimal when Poisson statistics dominate. As our estimator does not bin based on the PDF peak, it substantially enhances the clustering signal by usefully incorporating information from all photometric objects that overlap the redshift bin of interest. As a real-world application, we measure quasi-stellar object (QSO) clustering in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We find that our simplest binned estimator improves the clustering signal by a factor equivalent to increasing the survey size by a factor of 2–3. We also introduce a new implementation that fully weights between pairs of objects in constructing the cross-correlation and find that this pair-weighted estimator improves clustering signal in a manner equivalent to increasing the survey size by a factor of 4–5. Our technique uses spectroscopic data to anchor the distance scale and it will be particularly useful where spectroscopic data (e.g. from BOSS) overlap deeper photometry (e.g. from Pan-STARRS, DES or the LSST). We additionally provide simple, informative expressions to determine when our estimator will be competitive with the autocorrelation of spectroscopic objects. Although we use QSOs as an example population, our estimator can and should be applied to any clustering estimate that uses photometric objects. 相似文献
995.
996.
利用1959-2005年云南125个测站的雨量资料,通过计算趋势系数等现代统计诊断方法,研究了云南中雨日、大雨日、暴雨日、大暴雨日及各量级降水量的气候特征和变化,并与雨日的气候变化做了对比分析.结果表明,云南中雨以上强降雨日有明显的干、雨季之分,雨季中雨、大雨、暴雨、大暴雨日数分别占全年中雨、大雨、暴雨、大暴雨日数的84%,90%,94%,99%,特别是6～8月大雨以上强降雨日占全年的61%以上,强雨日的集中程度相当高,且降雨量级越大集中越高.云南大雨日、暴雨日、大暴雨日在增多;大雨日的增多趋势不明显,暴雨日、大暴雨日的增多趋势较明显,且大暴雨日比暴雨日的增多趋势大.雨日、中雨日在减少;雨日的减少趋势十分明显.以每10年平均计算,云南省内总大雨日增多6.9天,暴雨日增多4.3天,大暴雨日增多0.7天,中雨日减少75.4天;云南省内站平均雨日减少7.6天.云南年降水量有减少的趋势,全省减少量是每10年平均减少15.3 mm;大雨量、暴雨量和大暴雨量稍有增多,但变化趋势不明显;小雨量、中雨量有较明显的减少趋势. 相似文献
997.
广东秋冬春连旱的时空变化及环流演变特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用1948—2006年NCEP/NCAR的再分析高空资料以及广东省48个测站的降水资料,综合采用L指数和AWTP指数可对广东秋冬春连旱进行较好的描述;EOF的分析表明广东的秋冬春连旱空间变化具有全省一致性,时间上不仅具有明显的年际变化,还有阶段性变化和趋旱的趋势变化。广东秋冬春连旱异常年份的合成分析表明,从秋季到次年春季,极涡和南支槽的活动都较常年偏弱;秋季华南受偏强的反气旋环流影响,干燥少雨;冬季,小股的冷空气偏东路径活动,低层华南到南海大部有东北风距平,干燥少雨;春季,小股的冷空气频繁东移,华南处高空槽底偏西风场中,低层的西南风较常年偏弱,不利于华南地区冷暖气流的交汇,降水偏少。这些分析结果可为短期气候预测提供依据。 相似文献
998.
999.
使用反映降水强度的各时段最大降水、各量级降水等气象观测资料,应用累积距平法、M-K法和YAMA法对东莞降水强度进行初步的气候诊断分析.分析表明:从1980年代起,东莞的降水强度在6小时以内时段呈多波动变化,9小时以上时段的趋势大体上振荡下降.20分钟、30分钟、3小时的最大降水量在1980年代初发生突变,1988-1997年为谷底,其后是增强的趋势.大量级(100 mm及以上)最大降水量显著增强、增多.5分钟、20分钟、45分钟、1.5小时和12小时时段的最大降水量出现了均值的突变,其中1.5小时的突变(2002年)较强,突变之后的均值较之前增大.大量级的降水日数均值未发生突变.近年东莞的6小时以内时段的降水强度是增大的,但这种趋势变化未达到显著程度,2小时内的降水强度在2004-2005年间是个转折点,可能是一个趋势突变点. 相似文献
1000.